June 24th, 2008
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June 24th, 2008
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June 20th, 2008
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Niwaki is the Japanese word for “garden trees”.
The technique of niwaki is more about what you do to a tree than the tree itself. While Western gardeners enjoy experimenting with a wide range of different plants, Japanese gardeners experiment through training and shaping a relatively limited palette of plants.
Trees play a key role in the gardens and landscapes of Japan as well as being of important spiritual and cultural significance to its people. Fittingly, Japanese gardeners have fine-tuned a distinctive set of pruning techniques meant to coax out the essential characters of niwaki. Niwaki are often cultivated to achieve some very striking effects: trees are made to look older than they really are with broad trunks and gnarled branches; trees are made to imitate wind-swept or lightning-struck trees in the wild; Cryptomeria japonica specimens are often pruned to resemble free-growing trees.
The principles of niwaki may be applied to garden trees all over the world and are not restricted to Japanese Gardens.
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June 20th, 2008
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Saikei literally translates as “planted landscape” or it is the art of the living landscape. A classic form of bonsai, it uses miniature trees, rocks, soil, water, and related vegetation such as ground cover to form replicas of gardens, deserts, landscapes, and other beauties of the natural world, evoking the visual pleasure one finds in nature.
In Japan the school of saikei was founded by Toshio Kawamoto after World War II. He based this bonsai art form on the principles of group plantings and rock plantings of bonsai, as well as the are of suiseki [literally waterstones (sui=water, seki=stone)], often interpreted as ‘viewing stones’. His original objective was to ‘thicken’ up the trunks of nursery stock, to be eventually used as individual bonsai. It was a way for inexpensive plants and stones to be brought together in a pleasing arrangement that was easily accessible to the average person.
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June 20th, 2008
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bonsai are not genetically dwarfed plants. They can be created from nearly any tree or shrub species and remain small through pot confinement and crown or root pruning. Some specific species are more sought after for use as bonsai material because they have characteristics that make them appropriate for the smaller design arrangements of bonsai.
The small size of the tree and the dwarfing of foliage result from pruning of both the leaves and the roots. Most trees require a dormancy period and do not grow roots or leaves at that time. Improper pruning can weaken or kill trees.
Copper or aluminium wire wrapped around branches and trunks holds the branches in place until they lignify (convert into wood), usually 6-9 months or one growing season. Some species do not lignify strongly, or are already too stiff/brittle to be shaped and are not conducive to wiring, in which case shaping is accomplished primarily through pruning.
Cultivators use Deadwood Bonsai Techniques called jin and shari to simulate age and maturity in a bonsai. Jin is the term used when the bark from an entire branch is removed to create the impression of a snag of deadwood. Shari denotes stripping bark from areas of the trunk to simulate natural scarring from a broken limb or lightning strike.
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June 20th, 2008
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Indoor bonsai are bonsai which have been cultivated for the indoor environment. Traditionally, bonsai are shaped from temperate climate trees grown in containers but kept outdoors as they require full sunlight and a winter dormancy period at near-freezing temperatures. Kept in the artificial environment of a home, these trees will become weakened and die.
For indoor gardens bonsai-growing techniques have been applied to tropical plants that do not require dormant periods. Because bonsai are rooted in small pots, drought-resistant houseplants are best suited for indoor bonsai cultivation.
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June 20th, 2008
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ageratum houstonianum (Flossflower, Bluemink; syn. Ageratum mexicanum Hort.) is a cool-season annual plant often grown as a bedding plant in gardens. The flowers are usually blue (though sometimes white, pink, or purple), the heads borne in dense corymbs. The ray flowers are threadlike, leading to the common name.
Ageratum also has an ingenious method of protecting itself from insects. This being a chemical that when eaten, effects the insects juvenile hormone rendering their larvae sterile.
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June 20th, 2008
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dracaena fragrans (Corn Plant, Cornstalk Dracaena) is a flowering plant species in the family Ruscaceae, that resembles a corn stalk in habitus. It is native to West Africa, Tanzania, and Zambia. Dracaena fragrans has rosettes of glossy, green leaves, broadly striped and banded with light green and yellow down the center. It is a slow growing pole shrub and the leaves can reach up to 3 feet (1 m) long by 4 inches (10 cm) wide. When plants are grown in the ground, they can reach about 20 foot tall (over 6 m) but their growth is limited when they are potted. Cornstalk Dracaen has white flowers that are highly fragrant, hence the specific name fragans. They are popular with insects, and in the Neotropics get rarely visited by a few generalist hummingbird species like the Sapphire-spangled Emerald (Amazilia lactea).
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June 20th, 2008
William Hubbard (1621-1704) was an American clergyman and historian, born in England. As a child, he was brought by his parents to New England, graduated at Harvard (1642), was ordained and became assistant minister and afterward pastor of the Congregational church at Ipswich, Mass., a post which he resigned but a year before his death. He wrote, at the order of the Colonial government, which paid him 50 pounds for it, a History of New England, mainly compilation, which barely escaped destruction by fire when Gov. Thomas Hutchinson’s house was mobbed in 1765. The Massachusetts Historical Society printed it in 1815. He wrote also A Narrative of Troubles with the Indians (Boston, 1677), which for years was popular in New England and was even reprinted at the beginning of the nineteenth century at Worcester, Mass. (1801), and at Roxbury, Mass., (1805). It is full of errors, but illustrates what was regarded by the writer’s contemporaries as an elegant prose style. Minor works are a volume of sermons (1684) and Testimony of the Order of the Gospel in Churches (1701).
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June 20th, 2008
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Socca is a speciality of southeastern French cuisine, particularly in and around the city of Nice. Its primary ingredients are chickpea flour and olive oil, like the northern Italian farinata. After being formed into a flat cake and baked in an oven, often on a cast iron pan more than a meter in diameter, the socca is seasoned generously with black pepper and eaten while hot with the fingers. Socca is considered by some to be a chickpea crepe, as the preparation and consistency of the batter is similar.
Many brasseries in Nice, especially in the old section (Vieux Nice) near the waterfront, sell a filling portion of socca for €2-3.
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